Türkiye and regional normalization. Impact and sustainability - Second Monitoring

Within changing regional dynamics, the normalization path initiated by Türkiye with partners in the broader Mediterranean has been partially accomplished. Economic and security needs, along the war in Gaza, are the main driving factors of alignments. Between January and April 2024 Ankara’s normalisation processes carried on with Greece and many Arab partners, while relations with Israel reached the lowest and some challenges in the Caucasus remain. Turkish dynamism continues to encompass domestic, regional, and international levels, which overlap when necessary.

Hence, in the framework of the project ‘TÜRKIYE AND REGIONAL NORMALIZATION PROCESSES: WHAT IMPACT ON THE INTERESTS AND STRATEGIES OF ITALY AND EUROPE?’ – supported by the Analysis, Programming Statistical and Historic Documentation Unit of the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation – CeSPI Observatory on Türkiye and its partner institution Kalyoncu Middle East Research Center (KALMEC) monitored the main developments in Türkiye's relations with the Mediterranean, Middle East, Gulf, and Caucasus region taking place during the first four months of 2024. CeSPI team has coordinated the tasks and worked mainly on the Mediterranean and Gulf regions, while the Middle East and Caucasus have been under Kalmec’s competency.